Protection of Fundamental Rights Post-Lisbon: The Interaction between the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights, the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) and National Constitutions (FIDE National Report for the United Kingdom)

The European Convention on Human Rights and National Constitutional Reordering

on translation of phatic communion and socio-cultural relationships between the characters of the novels

phatic communion is a cultural concept which differs across cultures. according to hofstede (2001), the u.s. tends to have individualistic culture; however, asian countries tend to have collectivistic cultures. these cultures view phatic communion differently. in individualistic cultures like u.s., phatic communion reflects speakers’ socio-cultural relationships in conversations. to see whether...

Convergence of the Protection of Fundamental Rights Between the Spanish Constitutional Court and the European Court of Human Rights

To make ECtHR rulings prevail over final Spanish judgments is a matter for the legislator, not for an extreme or exaggerated interpretation of a law that has not been promulgated for that purpose. Within the context of the doctrine introduced by the Administrative Bench of the TS, the current or subsisting character of the violation of the fundamental right turns out to be a key issue. However,...

extraterritorial effect of the european convention on human rights in the case-law of the european court of human rights

article 1 of the european convention on human rights provides that the contracting parties shall secure to everyone ‘within their jurisdiction’ the rights and freedoms defined in the convention. at a technical level, the key question is how one should interpret the word ‘jurisdiction’ in article 1. this article plays a key role in the convention system since it sets out the limits on the obliga...

the geopolitics of afghanistan after september 11, 2001, and its impact on iranian national security

abstract u.s. attack to afghanistan after 9/11 provided opportunities for us who tried to become the dominant power after collapse of ussr and bipolar world. thinkers like fukuyama believed american liberal democrats thought would be universally accepted without resistances. liberal democracy is the best and final model of governance; in this regard, united state has moral responsibilities for...